Description

The ankle, also known as the talocrural joint, is a complex hinge joint connecting the distal ends of the leg bones (tibia and fibula) to the proximal end of the foot (tarsal bones). This vital joint facilitates various movements, including dorsiflexion (upward movement), plantarflexion (downward movement), and circumduction.

The ankle joint comprises three bones:

1. Tibia (shinbone): Forms the medial (inner) aspect of the ankle.
2. Fibula: Forms the lateral (outer) aspect of the ankle.
3. Talus: A small, cube-shaped bone that connects the leg bones to the foot.

Ligaments, tendons, and muscles provide stability and support to the ankle joint. The main ligaments include:

1. Anterior talofibular ligament
2. Posterior talofibular ligament
3. Calcaneofibular ligament

Key muscles and tendons surrounding the ankle include:

1. Achilles tendon: Connects the calf muscles to the heel bone.
2. Peroneal muscles: Control foot eversion (outward movement).
3. Tibialis anterior muscle: Supports ankle dorsiflexion.

The ankle joint plays a crucial role in weight-bearing, balance, and locomotion. Injuries or conditions affecting the ankle, such as sprains, fractures, or arthritis, can significantly impact daily activities and overall quality of life.